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CaseLaw

Duru Vs. State (1993) CLR 3(f) (SC)

Judgement delivered on Friday, 5th March, 1993

Brief

  • Defence of Provocation
  • Self defence
  • Murder
  • Proof of crime
  • Testimony of witness in court

Facts

The appellant was at the High Court of Owerri Judicial Division of Imo State of Nigeria convicted and sentenced to death for the murder of Ignatius Duru. contrary to section 319 (1) of the Criminal Code.

The facts of the prosecution's case which was accepted by the learned trial Judge are as narrated by P.W.I in her evidence. P.W.I is the mother of both the appellant and the deceased. She testified before the trial court as follows-

  • "My name is Elizabeth Duru. I live at Umuobasi Ikembara. I am a house wife. I know the accused person. The accused is my son. I know Ignatius Duru. He was also my son. He is now deceased. Before my husband died during the Civil War, he showed me a piece of farmland which the accused wanted to take away from me after my husband's death. One day about 3 years ago. the accused pursued me with his gun and I ran into the deceased's house. He pursued me in his effort to take the said farmland from me. The deceased asked the accused why he the accused wanted to kill me. (the mother) with a gun. This question was put to the accused by the deceased as the latter was escorting me back to the house. It was at this juncture that the accused shot the deceased in the chest. The deceased then moved some distance and fell down and died on the spot. Other two small children were around. Their names are Nkiru (the daughter of the deceased), and Chinyere Duru (the. daughter of the accused). I have to add that Eberechukwu Duru the son of the accused was also there. Nkiru was then about 6 years old. She is present in court. When the deceased fell I started to cry. I am over 70 years of age. Apart from the accused and the deceased i have three oilier children. The accused was older than the deceased who was my last issue. He was about 30 years of age when lie was shot dead. My oilier three children I referred to were not a! home when this incident happened. The matter was reported to the police. After shooting the deceased the accused advised his children to return in their maternal grandfather. He then disappeared. After shooting the deceased the accused hid the gun in the bush, but later surrendered it to the police. The police has the gun up till now. The police came to the scene and saw the body of the deceased, and took the same to the General Hospital."

In addition to the evidence of P. W. l. four oilier witnesses testified for the prosecution.

In his own version of the story which he narrated in his evidence viva voice, the appellant said on his return home from his day's work at about 7 p.m on the fateful day, he met one Paul Nwaneku. a maternal relation who told him that his (the appellant’s mother) had a complaint against him. He then went to his mother to find out what the complaint was. It was then, according to the appellant that his mother (P. W. I) started shouting abuses on him, despite the fact that he was mourning the death of his wife. The appellant said P. W. 1 proceeded to the house of the deceased which was about 130 metres away from his house where he was living with P. W. I. He said all along, the relationship between the deceased and him had been cordial until the former's name was associated with a gang of suspected armed robbers. He blamed P.W.I for telling the deceased that it was him (the appellant) that was responsible for spreading such rumours against the deceased.

The appellant said P.W.I was later accompanied to her room by the deceased who threatened him that should he misbehave again, he would kill him like his wife. He said the deceased then hit him with his fist on the chest, throwing him down on the ground. He also gripped him by the throat and in an effort to free himself from the deceased, the appellant said he kicked him with his foot. He then suddenly reached for his loaded gun that was inside his room, used it in hitting the deceased, but could not say whether in the course of the scuffle, the loaded gun exploded, resulting in the deceased’s death.

In all five witnesses testified in proof of the prosecution's case while the appellant testified for his own defence. In a well considered judgment, the learned trial Judge found the appellant guilty as charged and sentenced him to death by hanging. The appellant's appeal to the Court of Appeal against conviction was also dismissed and the conviction and sentence as pronounced by the trial court were affirmed. He has now appealed to this court.

Issues

  • 1
    Whether the concurrent findings of the High Court and the Court of Appeal...
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